Chapter 19 in
haematology (Hodgkin lymphoma)summary
-Lymphoma are a group of diseases caused by malignant lymphocytes that
accumulation in lymph nodes and cause lymphoadenopathy.
-The major subdivision of lymphomas
ia into hodgkin and this is based on the presence of Reed-strenberg cells in
hodgkin lymphoma.
-Reed-strenberg cells are neoplastic B cells but most cells i the lymph node are reactive
inflammatory cells.
-The usual clinical
presentation is with painless asymmetrical
lymphadenopathy- most commonly in the neck.
-Constitutional symptoms of
fever,weight loss and sweating are prominent in patients with widespresd
disease.
-Blood tests may show anaemia, neutophilia and rasied erythrocyte sedmentation rate
(ESR) or lactic dehydrogenase (LDH).
-Diagnosis is made by histological examination of an excised lymph node and there
are four subtype of disease .
-Staging of the disease is important for determining treatment and prognosis history,
examiantion, blood test ,CT and PET scan are typically used.
-Treatment is with
radiotherapy, chemotherapy or acombination of both. The choice depends on the
stage and grade of the disease .
-The response to treatment can be monitored by CT and PET scans.disease relapse can be
treated with chemotherapy sometimes with stem cells transplantion.
-The prognosis is excellent and over 85% of patients can expect to be cured.late side
effects of treatment are a concern.
From
book: Essentail Haematology A.V.HOFFBRAND,P.A.H.MOSS.6EDITION
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