Chapter 6 in Haematology
(Haemolytic anaemias)summary
-Haemolytic anaemia is caused by shorting of the red cell life.The red cells may break
down in the reticuloendothelial system (extravascular)or in the circulation
(intravascular).
-Haemolytic anaemia may be caused by inhrited red cell defects, which are usually intrinsic
to the red cell ,or to acquired caused, which are usually caused bu an
abnormality of the red cell environment .
-Features of extravascular
haemolysis include jaundice,gallstones and
splenomegaly with raised reticulocytes,unconjugated bilirubin band absent
haptoglobins.In intravascular haemolysis (e.g.casued by ABO mismatched blood
transfusion),there is haemoglobinaemia ,methaemalbuminaemia ,haemoglobinuria ,and
haemosiderinuria .
-Genetic defect include those of the red cell membrane (e.g.hereditary
spherocytosis),enzyme defiiciencies(e.g.glucose-6-phosphate dehyrogenase or
pyruvate kinase deficiency)or haemoglobin defevt (e.g.sickle cell anaemia).
-Acquired causes
of haemolytic anemia include warm or clod, auto- or allo- antibodies to red
cells, red cell fragmentation syndromes, infection, toxins,and paroxymal
nocturnal haemoglobinuria
From book:
Essentail Haematology A.V.HOFFBRAND,P.A.H.MOSS.6EDITION
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